Oral Temperature
Oral temperature measurement relies on the patient's ability to correctly and safely place the thermometer into their mouth. This excludes children, those unable to resist coughing, weak individuals, or those prone to vomiting (this is less of a problem with fast-responding electronic thermometers, but is a significant issue with mercury thermometers, as they take longer to register a temperature). Other considerations include whether the patient has consumed hot or cold drinks before oral temperature measurement; in such cases, alternative methods must be considered.
Rectal Temperature
When taking rectal temperatures, especially when performed by another person, lubricant should be used. While rectal temperature is the most accurate, it's important to consider that this procedure can be embarrassing in some countries or cultures. Incorrect insertion of the thermometer can also cause discomfort or pain to the patient. Infants are often measured rectally; however, it is generally best performed by a nurse.
Inner Ear or Forehead
There are also thermometers that use infrared measurement technology to measure the tympanic membrane and forehead thermometers.
Axillary Armpit
Before use, shake the mercury column of the thermometer to below 35℃. Place the mercury end of the thermometer at the very top of the armpit (deep in the armpit), and hold the thermometer firmly with your upper arm to prevent it from dislodging or falling out; measure for 5-10 minutes; remove the thermometer, read the temperature, and wipe the thermometer with tissue paper for future use or for someone else.
